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1.
Thermal flow characteristics and the methane conversion reaction in a low power arc plasma reactor for efficient storage and transport of methane, which is the main component of shale gas, were simulated. The temperature and velocity distributions were calculated according to the type of discharge gases and arc current level by a self-developed magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code and a commercial ANSYS-FLUENT code; the transport of chemical species was analyzed as including the chemical reactions of methane conversion. The simulated results were verified by the comparison of calculated and measured arc voltages with permissible low error as under 4%. Three C2 hydrocarbon gases with ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), and acetylene (C2H2) were selected as the converted species of methane from experimental data. The mass fraction of C2 hydrocarbons and hydrogen as the product of the conversion reaction at the reactor was also calculated. Those values show good agreement with the actual experimental results in that the major conversion reaction occurred in C2H2 and hydrogen, and the conversions to C2H6, C2H4, and hydrogen were minor reactions of methane pyrolysis conversion. 相似文献
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Wujie Zhang Xiangjun Li Muhammad A. Nawaz Jiahao Pan Jiancheng Cao Dianhua Liu 《加拿大化工杂志》2020,98(5):1148-1156
Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODEn) are extremely effective diesel additives to reduce soot formation during combustion. We introduce a series of Fe-Zn composite solid acid catalysts (SO42−/xFe2O3-yZnO), for the condensation reaction of methanol and paraformaldehyde (PF) with a cheap and feasible route to efficiently synthesize PODEn. These catalysts were characterized by different characterization techniques, namely BET, XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and NH3-TPD and the results showed that Fe/Zn molar ratios strongly influenced the physicochemical characteristics of catalysts, thus affecting the methanol conversion and PODE1-6 and PODE3-6 selectivity. Accordingly, the methanol conversion was decreased and the selectivity of PODE3-6 was increased after increasing the Zn molar content. Comparatively, SO42−/Fe2O3-2ZnO exhibited superior catalytic activity among the various investigated catalysts due to the high acid density of strong acid sites. The optimal reaction conditions were observed to be at a 3.0 wt% catalyst loading (catalyst/reactant mass ratio), 2.5 hours ours of reaction time, a reaction temperature of 403 K, and a molar ratio of 3:1 of CH2O to methanol, achieving a high selectivity of 99.09% PODE1-6 and 28.23% PODE3-6 with 55.16% methanol conversion during the reaction. 相似文献
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文章通过对热平衡节能技术进行理论分析,应用热平衡节能技术对PCB行业中的设备进行节能改造。实践表明,改造后节能效果显著,有较强的指导意义和可操作性。 相似文献
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Yong Li Qiyuan Feng Sihua Li Ke Huang Mangyuan Ma Weiliang Gan Haibiao Zhou Xiangjun Jin Xiao Renshaw Wang Yalin Lu Wen Siang Lew Qingyou Lu Fusheng Ma 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(3)
Magnetic skyrmions are topologically nontrivial spin structures, and their existence in ferromagnetically coupled multilayers has been widely reported with a disordered arrangement. Here, a nucleation scenario of ordered skyrmions in nanostructured synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) multilayers is proposed and experimentally demonstrated using direct magnetization imaging, indirect magnetometer and magnetoresistance measurement, and micromagnetic simulation. Instead of relying on Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, the antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling in the SAF multilayers fulfills the role of nucleation and stabilization of skyrmions. The robustness of the proposed skyrmion nucleation scenario is examined against temperature from 4.5 to 300 K and device size from 400 to 1200 nm. Interestingly, these synthetic skyrmions still behave well with a size less than 100 nm. The higher stability than generic magnetic domains can be attributed to topological protection. The results thus provide an artificial skyrmion platform to meet the functional needs of high density and designable arrangement in magnonic and spintronic applications. 相似文献
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该文利用固相反应法制备了(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4-xNbxO12 (x=0,0.01,0.03,0.05,0.07,0.10,0.15,0.20, 摩尔分数)陶瓷。借助X线衍射仪及扫描电子显微镜研究了Nb5+的摩尔分数对(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4O12陶瓷的相结构及表面微观形貌的影响,借助高低温介电测试系统和阻抗测试仪获得了(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4-xNbxO12陶瓷电性能变化规律。结果表明,各组分(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4-xNbxO12陶瓷均为单相立方钙钛矿结构;Nb5+摩尔分数的增加可抑制(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4-xNbxO12陶瓷晶粒的生长并消除其晶粒异常长大;适量掺杂 Nb+能够有效提高(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4-xNbxO12陶瓷的晶界电阻,从而降低其介电损耗,且可提高(Ca0.97Ba0.03)Cu3Ti4-xNbxO12陶瓷相对介电常数的温度稳定性。 相似文献